Muir's audience is all people that care about the environment. His purpose is to raise awareness that this world does not just belong to humans, it belongs to all of the other creatures that exist as well.
Pathos - In "My First Summer in the Sierra" Muir gives the animals he comes into contact with human like features which makes us really care for each of animals that he encounters.
Ethos- Muir identifies himself as an authoritative figure on the state of the environment by showing us what an enthusiast he is for wildlife. He examines all living things around him and appreciates them for how they live their life. This shows us that Muir is someone we can trust on the issues of the environment.
Logos- Muir uses logic when stating the questions people ask about bad things that exists, he states, everything in this world serves a purpose. For example, one of the questions he address is "Why are so many plants and fishes deadly enemies? in the next paragraph his response is you must consider nature first made these things for their own happiness, and and maybe all creations weren't meant for man's benefit.
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